Potential of Agave sisalana in the Brazilian Semi-Arid Region for Ethanol and Biogas Production

Resumo

This study aims to conduct a bibliographic assessment of the potential of agave as a raw material for biofuel production in the Brazilian semi-arid region, considering agronomic, technological, and environmental aspects. Agave, a plant native to arid and semi-arid regions, stands out for its high biomass productivity and ability to adapt to conditions of low water availability. These characteristics make it a promising alternative for the sustainable production of biofuels, especially in areas less suitable for conventional agriculture. Unlike traditional crops such as sugarcane, agave cultivation does not compete directly with food production, which contributes to food security. Studies show that agave species can achieve ethanol yields of between 7,400 and 10,000 liters per hectare, which is competitive with or higher than the yields obtained from sugarcane in dry regions. In addition to ethanol, the bagasse and residual juice from the leaves can be used to generate biogas and biomethane, expanding energy utilization routes and assisting in the management of agro-industrial waste. Thus, agave has strategic potential to strengthen the renewable energy matrix, generate socioeconomic and environmental benefits, and contribute to climate change mitigation goals.