Bibliographic Analysis of Compressive Sealants for Metal Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers

Abstract

Metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells (MS-SOFCs) and solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) stand out for high power density, fuel flexibility, and long-term stability. Their durability relies on compressive sealants that prevent gas crossover and maintain integrity under high temperatures. Mica- and vermiculite-based gaskets are widely used for compliance, easy assembly, and hermeticity without high-temperature processing. This work reviews compressive sealant materials, configurations, and hybrid strategies for MS-SOFC and SOECs. Emphasis is placed on the structural, thermal, and chemical behavior of phlogopite papers and Thermiculite® gaskets, which show superior stability, low porosity, and reduced leakage, especially with glass-ceramic layers. Hybrid approaches, such as transient liquid-phase bonding, are also considered for lowering operating temperatures while preserving strength. Finally, the availability of Brazilian phlogopite and vermiculite is highlighted as an opportunity for cost-effective, locally sourced sealants.