A Review of Different Methods for Superhydrophobic Textiles and Fabrics Using Nanotechnology

Abstract

Recent developments in superhydrophobic textiles involve many technologies and fields of knowledge, such as textile engineering, surface treatments, and nanomaterials. Several methods can be employed to achieve the superhydrophobicity of fabrics, including dip coating, in situ growth, the sol-gel approach, and immersion. This review presents each method and investigates its peculiarities, correlating it with reagents and results. A brief conclusion is also presented with future perspectives. The P.R.I.S.M.A. (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) protocol was followed, aiming to select the most relevant papers for the area and to evaluate the results accordingly. Selected keywords were superhydrophobic AND [textile OR fabric OR cloth] AND [coating OR immersion OR gel]. Furthermore, only articles published between 2019 and 2024, in the English language, were selected.